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The subscapularis muscle is a large triangular muscle which inserts into the lesser tubercle of the humerus and fills the subscapular fossa -- and also the front of the capsule of the shoulder-joint. It helps rotate the head of the humerus medially (internal rotation); when the arm is raised, it draws the humerus forward and downward. It is a powerful defense to the front of the shoulder-joint, preventing displacement of the head of the humerus.
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